{"id":2117,"date":"2026-09-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cnfuerte.com\/?p=2117"},"modified":"2026-10-20T03:07:50","modified_gmt":"2026-10-20T03:07:50","slug":"%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%a9-35-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%88-%d9%81%d9%88%d9%84%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cnfuerte.com\/ar\/blog\/35-kv-vacuum-circuit-breaker\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 35 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

A 35 kV \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong> for a renewable or industrial system has to be matched to the collector or feeder duty, not just the nominal network label. Transformer impedance, cable charging, fault contribution, switching sequence, insulation level and control interfaces should be frozen before suppliers are compared on current or price.<\/p>\n

Summary: Select a 35 kv \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/a> from the highest system voltage, prospective fault current, operating duty, insulation level, and installation conditions\u2014not normal current alone. IEC 62271-100 covers AC circuit-breaker ratings and performance tests, while IEC 62271-1 supplies common switchgear requirements; renewable inquiries need a collector-network data package so cable switching and controls can be reviewed before order placement.<\/p>\n

Renewable collector substations, industrial systems, and utility feeders impose normal-load, fault-clearing, and switching duties. Vacuum interrupters are used at medium voltage because interruption occurs at current zero<\/a> in a sealed envelope.<\/p>\n

35 kV vacuum circuit breaker\u2014complete protection and control system: poles, insulation, mechanism, auxiliaries, enclosure, earthing, relays, and wiring\u2014must suit installed duty.<\/p>\n

What network duty should define a 35 kV VCB?<\/h2>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u201c35 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u201d \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \"36 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\" \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0650\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

Then use the short-circuit<\/strong> study to identify prospective current at the actual breaker position. Normal current, rated short-circuit breaking current, short-time withstand current, making current, and operating sequence answer different questions. A feeder carrying 1,250 A can require a different fault-duty configuration from another 1,250 A feeder close to a transformer bus. Compare the project study with the offered \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u062e\u0637\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0637\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/strong> needs the same discipline. Transformer energization, cable charging, capacitor banks, motor circuits, and renewable-plant controls can affect transient recovery voltage and protection philosophy. IEC 62271-100 is the principal standard for AC circuit-breakers and their specified test duties; it does not select the project\u2019s duty values. State the duty at each location, then ask whether the offer and evidence address it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0647<\/th>\n\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/td>\n\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644<\/td>\n\u0643\u0633\u0631\u060c \u0635\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/td>\n\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Which collector-network data belongs in the bid package?<\/h2>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629: \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631. \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d.<\/p>\n

\"\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629<\/figure>\n

\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0649.<\/p>\n

The transformer interface needs more than an MVA figure. Include relevant vector group, neutral or earthing arrangement, transformer switching role, and intended operating sequence. Relay data should clarify trip paths, intertrips, reclosing philosophy if any, and auxiliary contacts; mechanism, coils, anti-pumping, controls, and terminal arrangements can then be configured early. See the related collector-network procurement guidance when planning technical clarifications.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u061b \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0625\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

How should physical arrangement and service access be matched?<\/h2>\n

\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634. \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

Also distinguish frequent operating duty from infrequent fault interruption. The required mechanical endurance and the operating environment should be matched to the project\u2019s actual switching role. Factory records matter, but they do not replace site acceptance checks of wiring, interlocks, timing, trip circuits, earthing, and relay coordination. A scheduled discussion of switchgear control and maintenance planning can help purchasers prepare that handover scope.<\/p>\n

What should a reviewable standards evidence package contain?<\/h2>\n

\u0623\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644. \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 IEC 62271-1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 IEC 62271-100 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 IEC 60060-1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 IEC 62271-100. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629: \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u201c\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 IEC\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u062d\u0635<\/th>\n\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n\u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645<\/td>\n\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/td>\n\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

How should a 35 kV selection be compared commercially?<\/h2>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\u061b \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u061b \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u061b \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

\"\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/figure>\n

\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 220 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 36,216 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 60 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629\u061b \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ISO 9001 (DEKRA)\u060c \u0648KEMA\u060c \u0648CESI\u060c \u0648Powertech\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n

What is easy to miss in renewable and industrial 35 kV projects?<\/h2>\n

The voltage label does not describe the whole collector-network duty. Include transformer impedance, cable length and charging current, prospective fault contribution, switching sequence, earthing method, environmental exposure and the required protection and communications interfaces. These inputs let bidders state the same basis instead of comparing unrelated kA or current figures.<\/p>\n

A useful procurement checkpoint is the boundary between a breaker type test and a complete substation or collector assembly test. Request the drawings, routine-test records<\/a> and change-control process for the offered configuration, then record any deviation before factory acceptance.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 35 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n

\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f 35 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n

\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u061b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (VCB) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (VCB) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061f<\/h3>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629: \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0641 35 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 36 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 35 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n

\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 35 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 IEC 62271-100 \u0648IEC 62271-1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 IEC 60060-1 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 35 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n

\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a 35 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n

\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

Can a 35 kV VCB be selected from a renewable project\u2019s nominal voltage?<\/h3>\n

No. The collector transformer, cable network, fault contribution, switching duty, insulation coordination and environmental conditions determine the required configuration. Verify the component and assembly evidence against the project\u2019s protection study and grid requirements.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/h2>\n

A 35 kV VCB should be compared on a common collector-network duty statement, physical interface and evidence package. Keep renewable, utility and industrial acceptance requirements visible so that nominal voltage does not become a substitute for engineering review.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h2>\n